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Tree lists:
•A-Z by scientific
name
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name
•By Family
For state A-Z list click state name below.
•A-Z by scientific
name
•A-Z by common
name
•By Family
For state A-Z list click state name below.
-Color denotes a tree that is rare or endangered
Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.)
Height: 40-60 ft
Diameter: 1-1.5 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: low
Annual rainfall: 13-60
Soil Needs: moist, rocky
Frost Free Days: 80
Minimum Temperature (F): -43
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity: 200 years
State List: CT, IA, IN, MA, MD, ME,
MI, MN, NH, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT
WI, WV
Height: 40-60 ft
Diameter: 1-1.5 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: low
Annual rainfall: 13-60
Soil Needs: moist, rocky
Frost Free Days: 80
Minimum Temperature (F): -43
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity: 200 years
State List: CT, IA, IN, MA, MD, ME,
MI, MN, NH, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT
WI, WV
There are two varieties of
Abies balsamea, one being
typical of the species, var.
balsamea, and the other
being var. phanerolepis. For
this article, we will discuss
the species as a whole.
A slow growing tree
species, the oldest
individual trees are typically
not more than 200 years
old. Reaching 40 to 60 feet
in height and 1 to 1.5 feet in
diameter, a single trunk
supports whorled ...more
Bristlecone Fir (Abies bracteata (D.Don) Nutt)
Common names: Southern Foxtail..
Height: 20-50 ft, champion 76 ft
Diameter: 1-2 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant:
Annual rainfall:
Soil Needs: well-draining, infertile...
Frost Free Days:
Minimum Temperature (F):
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity:
State List: CA
Common names: Southern Foxtail..
Height: 20-50 ft, champion 76 ft
Diameter: 1-2 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant:
Annual rainfall:
Soil Needs: well-draining, infertile...
Frost Free Days:
Minimum Temperature (F):
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity:
State List: CA
RARE
The champion Foxtail Pine in the Trinity National Forest is 76 feet tall, but the typical height is between 20-50 feet and 1-2 feet in diameter. It is a slow growing tree. The reddish-brown bark is furrowed and vertically ridged. Twigs are red-brown when young, turning yellowish-gray when mature. It's needles are short, only 1-2 ...more
The champion Foxtail Pine in the Trinity National Forest is 76 feet tall, but the typical height is between 20-50 feet and 1-2 feet in diameter. It is a slow growing tree. The reddish-brown bark is furrowed and vertically ridged. Twigs are red-brown when young, turning yellowish-gray when mature. It's needles are short, only 1-2 ...more
Fraser Fir (Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poiret
THREATENED IN TENNESSEE
Height: 45-55 ft
Diameter: 1 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: Low
Annual rainfall: 45-100 inches
Soil Needs: shallow, rocky
Frost Free Days: 90
Minimum Temperature (F): -23
Growth Rate: moderate
Shade tolerance: tolerant, stunted
State List: GA, NC, TN, VA
...more
THREATENED IN TENNESSEE
Height: 45-55 ft
Diameter: 1 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: Low
Annual rainfall: 45-100 inches
Soil Needs: shallow, rocky
Frost Free Days: 90
Minimum Temperature (F): -23
Growth Rate: moderate
Shade tolerance: tolerant, stunted
State List: GA, NC, TN, VA
...more
Fraser Fir, named after
Scotsman John Fraser,
has a moderate growth
rate, only hitting 20 feet tall
by age 20, and can live
between 100 to 150 years
of age. It has a single
trunk which supports its
classic Christmas tree
pyramidal shape. Needles
of Abies fraseri are deep
blueish green, flat and .8 to
1.5 inches long. The root
system is shallow and
rarely reaches ...more
Distibution maps courtesy USDA PLANTS Database
For an A-Z list (by scientific name) of native fir trees click here.
Want to see another family? Select it here:
Fir Pages 1, 2
Colorado Fir (Abies concolor (Gord & Glend) Lindl.)
Common names: White Fir, Silver Fir
Height: 125-200 ft
Diameter: 2-4 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: Medium
Annual rainfall: 18-80 inches
Soil Needs: dry to moist
Frost Free Days: 80
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity: 300 years or more
State List: AZ, CA, CO, ID, MA, ME,
NM, NV, OR, UT, WY
Common names: White Fir, Silver Fir
Height: 125-200 ft
Diameter: 2-4 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: Medium
Annual rainfall: 18-80 inches
Soil Needs: dry to moist
Frost Free Days: 80
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity: 300 years or more
State List: AZ, CA, CO, ID, MA, ME,
NM, NV, OR, UT, WY
A shallow root system
supports a single trunk
encased in whorls of
branches. The needles of
Abies concolor are are
deep bluish-green but are
the lightest of all nine
native firs, with new growth
lighter still. Flat and blunt
to pointed at the tips, the
needles are 2-3 inches
long, in ranks of 2, extend
at a right angle out from
the twig and have silvery
bands called ...more
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- Chrysobalanaceae Coco-plum Family
- Cornaceae Dogwood Family
- Cupressaceae Cypress Family
- Cyrillaceae Cyrilla Family
- Ebenaceae Ebony Family
- Ericaceae Heath Family
- Fabaceae Pea Family
- Fagaceae Beech Family
- Hamamelidaceae Witch Hazel Ffamily
- Hippocastanaceae Horse Chestnut Family
- Juglandaceae Walnut Family
- Lauraceae Laurel Family
- Leitneriaceae Corkwood Family
- Magnoliaceae Magnolia Family
- Meliaceae Mahogany Family
- Moraceae Mulberry Family
- Myricaceae Bayberry Family
- Myrsinaceae Myrsine Family
- Myrtaceae Myrtle Family
- Nyctaginaceae Four Oclock Family
- Olacaceae Olax Family
- Oleaceae Olive Family
- Pinaceae Pine Family
- Platanaceae Plane Tree Family
- Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family
- Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family
- Rosaceae Rose Family
- Rubiaceae Madder Family
- Rutaceae Rue Family
- Salicaceae Willow Family
- Sapindaceae Soapberry Family
- Sapotaceae Sapodilla Family
- Simaroubaceae Quassia Family
- Styracaceae Storax Family
- Symplocaceae Sweetleaf Family
- Theaceae Tea Family
- Tiliaceae Lindon Family
- Ulmaceae Elm Family
- Taxaceae Yew Family
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Fir, Abies
Click to enlarge
The Fir genus, Abies, is in the Pine Family, Pinaceae.
The state distribution maps in the species info boxes below are from the USDA NRCS PLANTS Database at plants.usda.gov. In instances where state specific maps are unavailable, the US distribution map will be used in its place. Also, the PLANTS Database website states "Our
The state distribution maps in the species info boxes below are from the USDA NRCS PLANTS Database at plants.usda.gov. In instances where state specific maps are unavailable, the US distribution map will be used in its place. Also, the PLANTS Database website states "Our
Other genera included in the pine family are:
Larix, Larch
Picea, Spruce
Pinus, Pine
Pseudotsuga, Douglas-Fir
Tsuga, Hemlock
Larix, Larch
Picea, Spruce
Pinus, Pine
Pseudotsuga, Douglas-Fir
Tsuga, Hemlock
county data are based primarily on the literature, herbarium specimens, and confirmed observations. However, not all populations have been documented, so some gaps in the distribution shown above may not be real. Remember that only native and naturalized populations are mapped!"
There are 9 species in the genus Abies. You can go directly to a species botanical profile by selecting it here: